In the process of development of this disease in sick people, not only redness in the throat is observed, but also the formation of ulcers or purulent plaque here.

General characteristics of the disease

Acute nasopharyngitis is included in the ICD-10. The disease has been assigned a special code, and the treatment process will require getting rid of two different ailments at once. If one of them is not treated in a timely manner, then it can go into a chronic stage.

This becomes dangerous for human health, since healing will require the use of special drugs and sometimes does not bring results. Therefore, doctors suggest learning about accompanying diseases:

1. Rhinitis. Symptoms of this disease are a runny nose or an inflammatory process on the nasal mucosa. There are several stages of the disease. In the first days, the patient feels body aches, a slight increase in body temperature, a slight cough and headache. The second stage of the disease implies the presence of constant discharge from the nose, a significant fever appears, and clarity of thinking is lost. In the last stage, only constant nasal congestion and excessive discharge develop. Under normal conditions of treatment, the disease disappears after 10 days.
2. Pharyngitis. This is the same inflammatory process, but it is formed on the mucous membrane of the throat. Characteristic for the consequences of acute respiratory viral infections or acute respiratory infections, as well as some similar diseases. Rarely appears due to the active action of microorganisms (for example, as with angina). Patients complain of sore throat, pain when swallowing drinks or food.

Symptoms of the disease

The catarrhal process in an acute form manifests itself in the form of an increase in swelling. At this stage, the penetration of cellular elements into the mucous membrane is recorded in patients. In ICD-10, a rush of blood to the nose is also indicated as a symptom. At this time, patients experience a significant increase blood vessels. A similar process can be observed near the ear canals. The inflammatory process is formed in places of accumulation of lymphatic tissue.

The causes of SARS are only a superficial part of the disease. The following symptoms appear:

• in some cases, there is a slight malaise;
• mucus, sometimes with pus;
• body temperature does not reach 38 ° C, but is higher than normal;
• itchy nose and constant sneezing;
• specific sensations in the throat while swallowing food and drinks;
• voice changes;
• unexplained tears appear.

Acute nasopharyngitis in children is often worse than in adults. The disease is especially dangerous in the first few years of a child's life. Body temperature rises to 39 ° C, vomiting appears or regurgitation becomes more frequent. The bottom line is that even with ARVI, the nasal channels are not able to function normally with abundant mucus flows. The same situation with rhinopharyngitis implies complications during feeding. Blockage of mucus and pus in the airways leads to a lack of normal sleep. The child begins to worry for no apparent reason.

In some cases, the appearance of loose stools is recorded. The consequences of inaction can lead to pneumonia or bronchitis. The most dangerous is the likelihood of subglottic pharyngitis. You should definitely call a doctor when the first symptoms appear. Only a specialist can make a final diagnosis and prescribe the correct course of treatment.

An effective treatment

Treatment of the acute form of rhinopharyngitis never occurs using the same medicines as for the standard cold. An experienced doctor is obliged to establish the cause of the cough. First of all, inhalations and special washings are prescribed. One of the most important points is getting rid of mucus in the nasopharynx. In order to destroy its formation, a potent antibacterial spray is prescribed. Cough occurs due to the flow of the same mucus down the larynx, which irritates the surface.

Treatment of the nasopharynx occurs with the use of other medications. Here it is necessary to remove the inflammatory process, and therefore the effect of the spray is focused on this particular treatment. Antibiotics, which effectively fight any ailment, are rarely prescribed by doctors when nasopharyngitis occurs. The main reason for their use is the occurrence of complications during the illness or its relapse.

To obtain the necessary information about a disturbing disease, it is recommended to consult a therapist.

Only after establishing the causes and considering the patient's condition may it be necessary to visit an otolaryngologist.

Symptoms and treatment of rhinopharyngitis

Rhinopharyngitis is an inflammation of the nasopharyngeal mucosa of an infectious nature.

They get sick at any age, children are more prone to this disease due to the structural features of the nose.

Classification according to ICD 10

The exact name of the disease is acute catarrhal rhinopharyngitis. By international system classification of diseases ICD 10 acute catarrhal rhinopharyngitis refers to nasopharyngitis.

Code of acute nasopharyngitis (acute rhinitis) according to ICD 10 J00. Acute rhinopharyngitis, with frequent repetition, becomes chronic, occurring with hidden symptoms without exacerbations.

The reasons

The appearance of symptoms of acute rhinopharyngitis is associated with a weakening of the general defenses of the body and the immunity of the nasal mucosa. Inflammation occurs when hypothermia of the legs, head.

The causative agents of inflammation of the nasal mucosa are rhinoviruses, adenoviruses, own microflora, usually streptococci, staphylococci.

Symptoms

In the course of the disease, changes in the mucosa pass through three stages - irritation, serous, purulent discharge.

Irritation stage

In the nose, throat, scratching, tickling, dryness are felt. Irritation causes bouts of sneezing, which are accompanied by pain when swallowing, heaviness in the head.

The temperature rises slightly, often remains within the normal range. And only in rare cases it rises to 38 degrees.

The initial stage of rhinopharyngitis lasts from several hours to two days.

During this time, the shell under the action of the infectious agent gradually increases in volume, thickens.

As a result of thickening of the mucous membrane, the nasal passages become narrow, which causes deterioration in breathing, leading to a lack of oxygen in the tissues. The patient's voice becomes nasal, the sense of smell is disturbed.

The stage of appearance of secretions

Signs of inflammation are on the rise. From the blood, lymphatic vessels in the cavity of the nasopharynx, fluid is released, accumulates in the nasal cavity, flows into the larynx.

The secretory activity of the mucous glands increases, the volume of mucus increases. Serous-mucous discharge accumulates in the nasal cavity. Nasal breathing is difficult, there is a profuse watery-mucous runny nose.

The volume of discharge depends on the condition of the mucosa at the onset of the disease. With subatrophic rhinopharyngitis, which is characterized by a thinned mucosa, the period of manifestation of acute symptoms will be less long, there is less discharge from the nose.

With an initially thickened, hypertrophied mucous membrane, rhinopharyngitis is difficult, the symptoms are more pronounced.

Swelling of the mucosa leads to a narrowing of the outlet of the auditory tube, which goes into the nasopharynx. This causes congestion, noise, discomfort in the ears.

The patient continues to have attacks of sneezing, which are accompanied by lacrimation, photophobia, and symptoms of conjunctivitis develop.

Serous discharge from the nose contains ammonia, sodium chloride. These substances, getting on the skin under the nose, the mucous membrane of the nasal passages, act irritatingly, cause redness.

Acute nasopharyngitis in children at this stage is accompanied by severe skin irritation. upper lip and the area above it, skin edematous, reddened.

Stage of formation of purulent secretions

Approximately 5 days after the onset of nasopharyngitis, pus is mixed with serous-mucous secretions.

Allocations are painted in a yellowish, greenish color.

The composition of pus contains a large number of lymphocytes involved in the neutralization of the bacterial pathogen of rhinopharyngitis, as well as desquamated epithelial cells, destroyed bacteria.

Then the mucosal edema decreases, nasal breathing gradually normalizes. The day after the onset of nasopharyngitis, the symptoms disappear, the patient recovers.

Features of rhinopharyngitis in children

In young children, the inflammatory process in rhinopharyngitis is not limited to the nasal cavity and throat. Inflammation takes on the character of a disease of the upper respiratory tract, spreads to the trachea, bronchi.

Nasopharyngitis is especially severe in newborns. Due to the narrowness of the nasal passages, the child has to break away from the breast during feeding in order to inhale air. With such feeding, the baby gets tired, gives up the breast, is malnourished, and does not gain weight.

Rhinopharyngitis in newborns leads to dehydration, flatulence, diarrhea, vomiting, aerophagia - swallowing air.

Treatment of rhinopharyngitis

Therapeutic measures in the treatment of nasopharyngitis are aimed at eliminating the symptoms of the disease and reducing the duration of inflammation in the nasopharynx. Nasopharyngitis is usually treated at home, bed rest is recommended, a diet that excludes spicy foods.

You should blow your nose with caution, only through one side of the nose, pinching the nostrils alternately. This will prevent mucus from being thrown into the auditory tube, the middle ear.

In the first 3-4 days, thermal, diaphoretic procedures are used. Adults with rhinopharyngitis are recommended to drink hot drinks with aspirin, paracetamol.

You can put mustard plasters on the calves of the legs in the absence of temperature.

The main treatment for acute rhinopharyngitis are vasoconstrictors. It is recommended to use drugs in the form of sprays. With this method of application, the dosage is more accurately observed, the nasal cavity is treated more evenly.

For the treatment of rhinopharyngitis, Nazivin, naphazoline, epinephrine, phenylephrine, xylometazoline are prescribed. In pediatric practice, Nazol Baby and Nazol Kids drops containing phenylephrine are used.

Phenylephrine acts gently, is not addictive, and can be used in children under 3 years of age. Children after 6 years of age, adults are prescribed Nazol containing oxymetazoline. The active substance oxymetazoline is also found in the preparations afrin, nazivin, leconil.

Treatment with vasoconstrictor drops is carried out in short courses to avoid addiction, the development of drug-induced rhinitis.

Improvement in rhinopharyngitis is noted with inhalation through a nebulizer of saline solutions, saline, miramistin, dioxidine.

For local treatment of the nasal cavity, an antibacterial ointment mupirocin, nasal spray framycetin, bioparox containing the antibiotic fusafungin are prescribed.

A good result is observed when using polydex spray with phenylephrine, an iodine-containing drug povidone-iodine. Assign tablets for resorption, antiseptics, essential oils - antiangin, ambazone, septolete, rotokan.

If the symptoms of rhinopharyngitis do not subside within 4 weeks, then this indicates that the process has become chronic.

As a prophylaxis of exacerbations of chronic rhinopharyngitis, inhalations are resorted to through a nebulizer. Use solutions containing sea salt.

Folk remedies

For the treatment of rhinopharyngitis, folk remedies are widely used. The most common are gargling, instillation into the nose, irrigation of the nasal cavity, washing, inhalation through a nebulizer.

For gargling use decoctions of chamomile, sage, calendula. Olive oil is instilled into the nose to soften the mucosa in the first days of the disease, along with gargling.

Inhalations, nasal lavages are carried out with Dolphin, non-carbonated mineral water "Borjomi".

Complications

In childhood, inflammation of the middle ear becomes a frequent complication of rhinopharyngitis. In children and adolescents, acute nasopharyngitis can provoke tracheitis, bronchitis, pneumonia.

Forecast

In children and adults, the prognosis is favorable. In weakened children younger age, newborn nasopharyngitis is treated under the supervision of a doctor, the prognosis in this case is favorable.

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Runny nose in a nursing mother, treatment with drops and folk remedies

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How and how to treat a sore throat in a child of 2 years

By self-medicating, you can waste time and harm your health!

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ICD coding for acute pharyngitis

J 02 - according to ICD 10, the code for acute pharyngitis, which is an inflammatory process in the lymphatic tissue and the mucous membrane of the pharynx. The disease can occur both acutely and chronically. This pathology is usually caused by bacteria, viruses or pathogenic fungi.

From an anatomical point of view, the pharynx has 3 sections:

• The upper section is the nasopharynx, where the choanae of the nasal passages open, the openings of the auditory tubes and where there are important lymphoid formations - adenoids and tubal tonsils. Thus, any inflammatory process can spread from this part of the pharynx and cause otitis, adenoiditis, rhinitis, sinusitis, respectively.
• The middle section is the oropharynx, which contains many lymphoid follicles on the back wall. She is associated with oral cavity, pharynx and tonsils. Usually it is this part of the pharynx that we can see intensely hyperemic with the development of inflammation.
• The lower part is the laryngopharynx. When this part is affected, the inflammatory process often passes to the lower parts of the respiratory tract, to the larynx and causes laryngitis with its characteristic symptoms - barking cough, hoarseness, aphonia.

Encryption of acute pharyngitis in case histories

Each case of the disease must be included in the general statistics. In order for all medical institutions to have a single encryption system, the International Classification of Diseases of the 10th revision was adopted. The pharyngitis code according to ICD 10 belongs to the X class "Respiratory diseases" and is encrypted as follows:

• J 02 - ICD code 10 for acute pharyngitis;
• J 00 - code for rhinopharyngitis according to ICD 10.

Clinical Features

Pharyngitis usually occurs during the cold season and is accompanied by the following respiratory symptoms:

• perspiration and dryness in the throat;
• pain when swallowing, coughing;
• hoarseness of voice;
• hyperemia of the pharynx (back wall of the pharynx, palatine arches, uvula intensely red);
• often there is a violation of nasal breathing - acute rhinitis(runny nose);
• violation of the general condition - weakness, fever, symptoms of intoxication in the form of body aches, headache.

There is no specific treatment for viral etiology. It is necessary to adhere to bed rest, drink plenty of fluids, rinse the throat and nose with antiseptics, and if necessary, use antipyretic drugs. If acute pharyngitis is caused by bacteria, antibiotic therapy is prescribed. The disease usually resolves within 5-7 days.

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Features of the treatment of rhinopharyngitis: symptoms, diagnosis, recommendations

Rhinopharyngitis is an inflammatory disease of the respiratory and pharyngeal organs. Appears as a complication of rhinitis and pharyngitis. The first disease is characterized by runny nose and inflammation of the nasal mucosa. In the absence of complications, the disease disappears in 7-10 days. Pharyngitis often occurs more often due to the addition of a bacterial infection. It is characterized by cough, sore throat and constant pain.

Rhinopharyngitis, ICD-10 code: clinical picture

The disease is characterized by signs that are present in the diseases described above. Infected cells begin to produce histamine.

Increases blood flow to the affected area, which leads to swelling of the mucosa.

The infection is most severe in children due to the narrowness of the nasal passages and a small vertical dimension nose.

The reasons

Lead to the development of the disease can:

• hypothermia,
• viral (ARVI) and bacterial infections.

The acute form is often found in children of younger and preschool age. Especially if the child is at risk, has a weak immune system or diathesis. Rhinoviruses, adenoviruses, own microflora, cocci become infectious agents.

Dr. Komarovsky tells about the causes of a runny nose in children:

Symptoms

In almost all cases, the symptoms are manifested by unpleasant sensations in the nasopharynx. Accumulated mucous discharge is formed, it becomes difficult to breathe. when spreading to the mucous membrane of the auditory tubes, there is pain in the ears, a general decrease in hearing. In adults, the temperature does not always rise.

Acute catarrhal

This form is characterized by the development of general swelling and penetration into the mucous membrane of the infection. There is an expansion of blood vessels, blood is intensively supplied to the nasopharyngeal cavity.

At the same time, blood supply passes to the mucosa. The disease in this form is characterized by:

• The formation of mucous discharge.
• Decrease in the timbre of the voice.
• Lachrymation.
• Constant feeling of itching.
• An increase in body temperature.

Chronic

Chronic pharyngitis appears with an untreated acute phase. Often the cause is carious teeth and the spread of a chronic sinus infection. The mucosa becomes loose, edematous in the tonsils. Lymph nodes increase in the posterior wall. The temperature may remain normal or slightly elevated.

Subatrophic

On the early stage there is redness of the mucous membrane of the throat. There is pain when swallowing, perspiration, unproductive cough. The back wall is constantly in an irritated state, thinning of the mucosa is observed. Due to the defeat of the nerve endings, the swallowing reflex is disturbed, salivation increases. The temperature rises to 37.2-37.5. The mucosa has a pale appearance. It becomes dry and richly permeated with vessels.

atrophic

Allergic

Symptoms of allergic pharyngitis occur under the action of an allergen, which should lead to a decrease in contact with it. The mucous membrane of the nose, nasopharynx and throat swells. It all starts with the nose, gradually descending into the throat. Among the main signs:

1. Nasal congestion.
2. Inflammation of the throat.
3. Feeling of discomfort in the throat.
4. Cough.

In the photo, types of farignite

Features of diagnostics

Diagnosis is made on the basis of history and examination. Hyperemia of the pharynx is revealed, sometimes mucus begins to drain along the back wall. In the process of research, the doctor must differentiate the disease from laryngitis and tonsillitis. With these diseases, the throat is more affected. A runny nose with the bacterial nature of these ailments does not appear.

During the study, the period of the course of the disease is determined. With a long process, it is assigned clinical analysis blood, bacterioscopy, smears from the nasopharynx by ELISA and PCR. In chronic forms, the appointment of x-rays of the nasopharynx and sinuses, as well as nasal endoscopy, is recommended.

Treatment

With rhinopharyngitis, you can not do compresses, warming up the throat. In childhood (up to 3 years), aerosol forms of drugs are not used, since they can provoke convulsions and spasms. It is not recommended to get involved in vasoconstrictor drugs.

During illness, it is necessary to maintain the optimal level of humidity in the room (about 60%) and temperature (19-20 degrees). The patient should drink up to 2.5 liters of fluid per day. You can not eat hot, cold, spicy. Doctors recommend eliminating all possible allergens from the diet.

Treatment begins with regular mucosal lavage and inhalation. Since coughing during illness appears against the background of mucus flowing along the back wall, no medicines are prescribed for this ailment.

Medically

For treatment, topical preparations are used:

• Antiseptic lozenges.
• Means based on iodine.
• Preparations with herbal ingredients and essential oils.
• Aerosols.

If symptomatic treatment does not bring relief, there is a suspicion of a bacterial infection, then an antibiotic is prescribed. It is selected depending on the characteristics of the clinical picture.

At chronic form there is no need for constant treatment. Drug therapy is prescribed only during exacerbations. In any case, treatment depends on the form of the disease. in allergic cases, it is mandatory to prescribe antihistamines.

Folk remedies

This treatment complements medical therapy well. You can rinse your nose to clear mucus and relieve puffiness with chamomile, calendula and string. It is possible to combine these funds. To prepare a decoction, take 1 large spoonful of herbs, which is brewed with a glass of boiling water.

The procedure should be carried out 3-4 times a day. Herbal decoctions are also allowed to be used for gargling. Eucalyptus is also used for these purposes.

It is possible to inhale with essential oils, instill freshly squeezed beet juice or Kalanchoe into the nose.

Features of the treatment of rhinopharyngitis in our video:

Physiotherapy

It is prescribed more often in the chronic form of the disease. Electrophoresis is possible. This method allows medicines under the influence of electrical impulses quickly penetrate into the mucous membrane. Alkaline inhalations and irradiation of the affected area are prescribed.

Surgical methods

Operations for this type of disease are not performed. Sometimes rhinitis occurs due to an improperly positioned partition that does not provide proper air circulation and is a breeding ground for bacteria. In this case, operations are prescribed to restore its physiological position.

Possible Complications

Rhinopharyngitis can cause complications such as bronchitis and pneumonia. The acute form in children often leads to vomiting, diarrhea. As a result, the risk of dehydration increases. Due to the formation of gases, the diaphragm rises, which makes breathing even more difficult. If left untreated, otitis media develops, pharyngeal abscess.

How to quickly cure a runny nose and sore throat without consequences:

Prevention

It consists in the timely treatment of viral, bacterial infections. Doctors recommend walking more often fresh air, limit contact of the mucosa with irritating factors. During epidemics, you can take vitamin C and prophylactic drugs after consulting a doctor.

Forecast

With proper treatment, the prognosis is favorable. If the disease appeared in the first months of a baby's life, then medical care and constant monitoring of the child's condition are required. In the first days of the disease, it is necessary to start taking antiviral drugs, which will shorten the treatment time.

What is pharyngitis according to ICD 10?

If the patient has pharyngitis, the ICD-10 contains a special code for this pathology to make it easier for the doctor to store information. In general, pharyngitis is a fairly common disease. With this disease, unpleasant symptoms appear, due to which not only the well-being of a person worsens, but also his performance.

The concept of pharyngitis in the international classification

ICD-10 is called a special classification, which records all the existing diseases and injuries around the world. There is a separate classifier for each branch of knowledge, and in healthcare this is the International Classification of Diseases. This document is reviewed every 10 years. At the same time, various changes and additions are made. The creation of such a registry was carried out under the leadership of the World Health Organization. This document is necessary in order to ensure the unity of all theoretical knowledge and prevent discrepancies in the interpretation of the classification of diseases and methods of their treatment. Each disease has its own separate code in such a classifier. It consists of numbers and letters. There are 21 sections in this document. This approach makes it possible to effectively subdivide both the main diseases and their derivatives.

The acute form of pharyngitis has the ICD-10 code J02. This number shows that it belongs to the main diseases of the respiratory system. With such an ailment, the mucous membranes in the pharynx become inflamed. The acute form of the disease manifests itself most often from a viral infection - in about 70% of cases. This section excludes only: abscesses of the peritonsillar, retropharyngeal, or pharyngeal type, acute nasopharyngitis, acute laryngopharyngitis, and chronic pharyngitis.

If we consider this class in more detail, then there are separate codes for different pathogens. For example, if pharyngitis is caused by a streptococcal infection, then the code will be J02.0. But in this case, scarlet fever is excluded. She has the number A38.

For acute pharyngitis caused by other specified pathogens, the number will be J02.8. Additional codes are used to identify pathogens in more detail. This section excludes infectious-type mononucleosis and influenza viruses.

For acute pharyngitis, which is not specified, code J02.9 is used. In this case, it can be ulcerative, purulent, gangrenous.

In 30% of cases, doctors diagnose chronic pharyngitis. It has code J31.2. The number "31" indicates that the disease belongs to other ailments of the respiratory system. A similar form can occur periodically due to the action of various adverse factors.

Both chronic and acute forms of pharyngitis can occur along with other diseases. For example, most often in parallel, the patient suffers from influenza, measles and SARS. By the way, if the infection causes other diseases, and not just pharyngitis, then the symptomatic picture will be mixed.

Varieties of the disease

There are several types of pharyngitis. A person may develop any of the following forms:

1. 1 Hypertrophic pharyngitis. With such an ailment, the throat of the patient acquires a bright red tint. Small blood vessels also dilate. Because of this, they can be seen on inspection. The palate and tongue become softer and looser, although this was not observed before. The patient may suffer from nausea and bouts of vomiting due to the fact that a large amount of mucus has accumulated in the throat.
2. 2 catarrhal. Such an ailment has the same symptoms as hypertrophic pharyngitis. But there are also distinctive features. The main one is that the pharynx gradually swells. In addition, the patient will notice a purulent plaque on the mucous membrane.
3. 3 Atrophic. In the atrophic form, crusts of the bloody type gradually appear. They are located in the nasopharynx. In the throat, the mucous membranes turn pale, their dryness is felt. As a rule, this is observed when the disease becomes chronic. But in addition to the above, there are also symptoms that are characteristic of the acute form of the disease.
4. 4 Granular. This form of the disease can be recognized by the following symptoms. First, the throat feels dry and itchy. Secondly, when swallowing, pressing pain is felt, but it is not intense. Thirdly, there is phlegm and mucus, but it is difficult to expectorate them. When a person sleeps, a spasmodic cough manifests itself. On the back wall of the pharynx, nodules of a red tint are formed. This is a consequence of damage to the lymphatic tissue. Quite often, the granulosa form of pharyngitis, if left untreated, develops into an atrophic form.

Causes and symptoms of pathology

The causes of pharyngitis are very diverse. As a rule, this disease develops along with SARS. It is caused by an infection that causes respiratory diseases. For example, it can be streptococci. This reason is considered the most common. But fungal infection and adenoviruses can also come into play.

Symptoms of pharyngitis can also occur due to inflammatory and infectious processes that occur in organs located close to the pharynx. Examples of such diseases are caries, sinusitis, rhinitis.

The following factors can also be the causes of the development of the disease:

• smoking;
• severe hypothermia of the whole body or only the throat due to a long stay in cold air;
• metabolic problems;
• frequent use of alcoholic beverages;
• inhalation of dust and fumes from chemicals;
• genetic predisposition to disease respiratory system;
• avitaminosis;
• weakened immunity.

As for the symptoms themselves, with pharyngitis, the very first sign is an unpleasant sensation in the throat. For example, the patient complains of tickling, tickling, discomfort and even burning. In the morning, you need to get rid of the mucus that has accumulated. As a result, the person coughs, expectorates. Sometimes there is nausea and bouts of vomiting in severe cases. During swallowing, the patient feels pain and pressure.

The severity of the signs of the disease depends on the forms of the disease and its etiology. As a rule, in acute and chronic forms, the following symptoms appear:

• redness of the mucous membranes of the pharynx;
• granularity of lymphatic tissue in the pharynx;
• various formations on the back of the pharynx, then they spread to the tonsils;
• plaque in the form of mucus and pus;
• rhinitis;
• body temperature rises - up to about 37.5 ° C;
• cough dry and persistent;
• the patient feels general weakness;
• sometimes a headache, dizziness appears;
• there is pain in the muscles, aches, discomfort in the joints;
• there are breathing problems.

When the patient suffers from pharyngitis, the lymph nodes under the jaw and on the back of the head increase. On palpation, pain is felt in this place. If the patient began to hurt and the ear, stuffiness is felt. This indicates that the infection has also spread to the region of the middle part of the hearing organ.

Often pharyngitis is confused with other diseases: measles, scarlet fever.

Also, the symptoms are very similar to angina. But the difference lies in the severity of pain and the level to which body temperature can rise. Symptoms of pharyngitis are similar to diphtheria, but the distinguishing feature is that there is no whitish film. It is imperative to clearly know the diagnosis for further therapy.

Often, patients have a mixed form - acute nasopharyngitis. By themselves, the pathologies practically do not differ, only symptoms characteristic of rhinitis appear. In general, pharyngitis is considered a common disease. In ICD-10, he is given a separate code, and for each variety separately.

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Acute pharyngitis (J02)

Includes: acute angina

Use an additional code (B95-B98) if necessary to identify the infectious agent.

Excludes: pharyngitis caused by:

• enteroviral vesicular (B08.5)
• due to herpes simplex virus (B00.2)
• infectious mononucleosis (B27.-)
• flu virus:
  • identified (J09, J10.1)
  • unidentified (J11.1)

Angina (acute) NOS

In Russia, the International Classification of Diseases of the 10th revision (ICD-10) is accepted as a unified normative document to account for morbidity, the reasons for the population's appeals to medical institutions all departments, causes of death.

ICD-10 was introduced into healthcare practice throughout the Russian Federation in 1999 by order of the Russian Ministry of Health dated May 27, 1997. №170

The publication of a new revision (ICD-11) is planned by WHO in 2017 2018.

With amendments and additions by WHO.

Processing and translation of changes © mkb-10.com

Rhinopharyngitis, acute or chronic: characteristic symptoms, treatment in children and adults

Rhinopharyngitis (nasopharyngitis) is an inflammatory process that is localized in the nasopharynx. The clinical picture of the pathology combines the manifestations of a runny nose and sore throat, which is more typical for childhood (explained by anatomical and physiological features). What is acute rhinopharyngitis in children, how to treat the disease, and whether the process is contagious or not - all these issues are discussed in the article.

ICD-10

The international classifier says the following:

• acute nasopharyngitis or NOS (without further specification) - ICD-10 code - J00;
• chronic nasopharyngitis - 1;
• allergic and vasomotor rhinitis - J30;
• rhinitis NOS - J0;
• pharyngitis NOS - according to ICD-10 - J9.

The reasons

Rhinopharyngitis can be bacterial, viral, allergic, fungal in nature. In 75% of cases, it develops against the background of respiratory viral infections during the off-season, when the body's defenses are reduced. Inflammation of viral origin can be complicated by the addition of bacterial microflora.

According to their course, they distinguish:

• acute rhinopharyngitis;
• chronic nasopharyngitis.

Contributing factors

The risk of damage to the nasopharynx increases with the following conditions:

• hypothermia;
• systemic diseases of a chronic nature;
• foci of infection in the body;
• adenoiditis;
• curvature of the nasal septum;
• traumatization of the nasal mucosa;
• hypo- or beriberi;
• tobacco smoking, including passive smoking.

Development mechanism

After the pathogen enters the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx, macrophages and T-lymphocytes must neutralize it by "absorbing" the pathogenic representative. This option is typical for a healthy body with normal immunity.

Immunodeficiency, weakness against the background of other systemic diseases - these factors contribute to the fact that the pathogen is not inactivated by protective forces, but grows and actively multiplies. The same result awaits a person if pathogens did not come from outside, but were inside the body itself (chronic sources of infection).

The pathological process is accompanied by local changes, which are manifested by an increase in the permeability of the vascular walls, mucosal infiltration with leukocytes, hyperemia, swelling, and punctate hemorrhages. infectious process most pronounced in places of accumulation of lymphoid tissue - the vault of the nasopharynx and pharyngeal mouths of the auditory tubes.

The course of an acute process

The diagnosis of rhinopharyngitis can be made in any of its stages:

1. Dry irritation - the nasopharyngeal mucosa is dry and red. Then it swells, the lumen of the nasal passages becomes narrow, nasality appears, the sense of smell and sensitivity of taste buds change. Duration - from 2-4 hours to 2-3 days.
2. Serous discharge (manifestations of catarrhal rhinopharyngitis) - at this stage, a significant amount of serous discharge appears, which provokes irritation of the skin of the upper lip and nasal vestibule. The clinical picture is in full swing.
3. Resolution - the discharge becomes mucopurulent, crusts appear. Duration - 3-4 days. The child or adult returns to normal, the condition returns to normal.

Against the background of anatomical physiological characteristics In children, inflammation of the middle ear becomes a frequent complication of nasopharyngitis.

Clinical picture

The symptoms and treatment of nasopharyngitis in children are slightly different from the same processes in adults. Children's symptoms are more pronounced, and in adulthood the disease can proceed latently.

Symptoms of acute rhinopharyngitis:

• hyperthermia up to 38.5 o C;
• cephalgia;
• sneezing and dry cough, aggravated during sleep due to mucus flowing down the back of the throat;
• itching and burning in the nose;
• pain in the throat, especially when swallowing;
• the patient speaks "in the nose";
• secretion from the nose of a serous, purulent-serous nature;
• swollen lymph nodes;
• symptoms of intoxication.

The attachment of Eustachitis is manifested by a feeling of congestion in the ears, significant pain, hearing loss.

allergic form

Allergic rhinopharyngitis is similar in its manifestations to a disease of viral origin. The patient suffers from constant nasal congestion, swelling of the mucous membrane. Inflammation is sluggish in nature, begins with the nasal cavity, then descends below.

Periodically there is a flow of transparent mucus, there is a feeling of discomfort and a lump in the throat. Dry cough may occur.

chronic process

The lack of timely therapy, self-medication are factors contributing to the transition of acute rhinopharyngitis to a chronic form. A common symptom is the inability of the patient to distinguish odors or difficulty breathing.

There are several forms of chronic nasopharyngitis:

1. Subatrophic process - characterized by sclerosis of the lymphoid and epithelial tissue. It is manifested by perspiration, soreness in the throat, hoarseness of voice, the appearance of a blue tint of the mucous membrane. The subatrophic nature of the pathology can be determined even by visual examination.
2. Hypertrophic form - there is a proliferation of lymphoid tissue, an increase in volume. There is a sensation of a foreign body in the nasopharynx, constant congestion.
3. Mixed type - combines the manifestations of the two upper forms.

Infectious or not

A person infected with rhinopharyngitis is dangerous to others only if the disease is viral in nature. Virus pathogens are highly volatile. But it cannot be said with complete certainty that healthy man get sick. It all depends on his condition. immune system, the presence of concomitant provocative factors, the time of contact with the patient.

There is also no certainty that a healthy person will “get” exactly nasopharyngitis, since viral pathogens can also cause the development of a number of other manifestations.

Allergic and fungal process are not contagious. Their occurrence is directly related to the internal problems of the body.

Bacterial inflammation, purely theoretically, can be dangerous, but in practice it is very difficult to transmit. In order for a healthy person to become infected, direct contact with pathogenic microorganisms that are on the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx or in purulent exudate is necessary. There should also be several provoking factors, a state of immunodeficiency.

Diagnostics

It is necessary to treat rhinopharyngitis after a correctly established condition. The diagnosis is made on the basis of collecting an anamnesis of the patient's life and illness, the results of laboratory and instrumental studies.

1. Blood test - signs of inflammation (leukocytosis, high ESR, elevated neutrophils).
2. Rhinoscopy - the presence of edema and hyperemia of the mucous membrane, mucous exudate.
3. Pharyngoscopy - hyperemia and infiltration of the walls of the pharynx, leakage of serous or serous-purulent contents.
4. Bakposev - allows you to clarify the causative agent of rhinopharyngitis.
5. Allergic tests.
6. X-ray, CT scan of the paranasal sinuses and nose - to determine the chronic form of inflammation.

Features of therapy

Treatment of acute nasopharyngitis in children depends on the nature of its development. Viral manifestations require an appointment antiviral drugs(Groprinosin, Arbidol, Interferon). A special place is occupied by symptomatic therapy. Hyperthermia requires the appointment of antipyretics (Ibuprofen, Paracetamol).

To save the child from difficulty breathing, reduce swelling, use vasoconstrictor drops, and for older children - sprays. Representatives - Nazivin, Naphthyzin, Vibrocil. Their long-term use is prohibited, since drug allergies may develop, worsening the manifestations of rhinopharyngitis.

Antihistamines help relieve symptoms, reduce swelling and redness. Use Zodak, Erius, L-cet. These funds are the basis for the treatment of allergic rhinopharyngitis. It is also important to eliminate the influence of the provoking allergen.

Bacterial nasopharyngitis requires the use of antibiotics (penicillins, macrolides, cephalosporins). Their appointment is desirable after bacteriological culture and antibiogram. In parallel, they take probiotics and prebiotics to prevent the development of pharyngomycosis and dysbacteriosis.

The fungal process is eliminated with antimycotics used as systemic drugs and topical agents.

In any form of rhinopharyngitis, a warm drink, gargling (chamomile, sage, Furacilin), nasal rinsing (saline solution, Aqualor, Aquamaris) is considered an important point.

Treatment of chronic rhinopharyngitis is carried out by irrigation of the throat (decoctions and infusions of herbs, Chlorophyllipt, Ingalipt) and the use of local antiseptics of various forms. Treatment with folk remedies is shown, but after discussion with the doctor.

Inhalations

The inhalation method is an effective method of therapy. It is advisable to carry out inhalation with a nebulizer. This device allows you to break the drug into small particles, improving its contact with the mucosa. It can be carried out at elevated body temperature, since the drug is not heated.

• mucolytics (Lazolvan, Mikosist);
• antibiotics and antiseptics (Malavit, Dioxidin, Furacilin);
• alkaline mineral waters;
• hormones;
• tincture of calendula, diluted with saline.

Symptoms and timely treatment of nasopharyngitis in adults and children is a topic that knowledge about is used repeatedly throughout life. Compliance with the advice of specialists is the key to a favorable outcome of the disease and a speedy recovery.

Angina (acute) NOS

In Russia, the International Classification of Diseases of the 10th revision (ICD-10) is adopted as a single regulatory document for accounting for morbidity, reasons for the population to apply to medical institutions of all departments, and causes of death.

ICD-10 was introduced into healthcare practice throughout the Russian Federation in 1999 by order of the Russian Ministry of Health dated May 27, 1997. №170

The publication of a new revision (ICD-11) is planned by WHO in 2017 2018.

With amendments and additions by WHO.

Processing and translation of changes © mkb-10.com

Rhinopharyngitis, acute or chronic: characteristic symptoms, treatment in children and adults

Rhinopharyngitis (nasopharyngitis) is an inflammatory process that is localized in the nasopharynx. The clinical picture of the pathology combines the manifestations of a runny nose and sore throat, which is more typical for childhood (explained by anatomical and physiological features). What is acute rhinopharyngitis in children, how to treat the disease, and whether the process is contagious or not - all these issues are discussed in the article.

ICD-10

The international classifier says the following:

• acute nasopharyngitis or NOS (without further specification) - ICD-10 code - J00;
• chronic nasopharyngitis - 1;
• allergic and vasomotor rhinitis - J30;
• rhinitis NOS - J0;
• pharyngitis NOS - according to ICD-10 - J9.

The reasons

Rhinopharyngitis can be bacterial, viral, allergic, fungal in nature. In 75% of cases, it develops against the background of respiratory viral infections during the off-season, when the body's defenses are reduced. Inflammation of viral origin can be complicated by the addition of bacterial microflora.

According to their course, they distinguish:

• acute rhinopharyngitis;
• chronic nasopharyngitis.

Contributing factors

The risk of damage to the nasopharynx increases with the following conditions:

Development mechanism

After the pathogen enters the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx, macrophages and T-lymphocytes must neutralize it by "absorbing" the pathogenic representative. This option is typical for a healthy body with normal immunity.

Immunodeficiency, weakness against the background of other systemic diseases - these factors contribute to the fact that the pathogen is not inactivated by protective forces, but grows and actively multiplies. The same result awaits a person if pathogens did not come from outside, but were inside the body itself (chronic sources of infection).

The pathological process is accompanied by local changes, which are manifested by an increase in the permeability of the vascular walls, mucosal infiltration with leukocytes, hyperemia, swelling, and punctate hemorrhages. The infectious process is most pronounced in the places of accumulation of lymphoid tissue - the arch of the nasopharynx and pharyngeal mouths of the auditory tubes.

The course of an acute process

The diagnosis of rhinopharyngitis can be made in any of its stages:

1. Dry irritation - the nasopharyngeal mucosa is dry and red. Then it swells, the lumen of the nasal passages becomes narrow, nasality appears, the sense of smell and sensitivity of taste buds change. Duration - from 2-4 hours to 2-3 days.
2. Serous discharge (manifestations of catarrhal rhinopharyngitis) - at this stage, a significant amount of serous discharge appears, which provokes irritation of the skin of the upper lip and nasal vestibule. The clinical picture is in full swing.
3. Resolution - the discharge becomes mucopurulent, crusts appear. Duration - 3-4 days. The child or adult returns to normal, the condition returns to normal.

Against the background of the anatomical and physiological characteristics of children, inflammation of the middle ear becomes a frequent complication of nasopharyngitis.

Clinical picture

The symptoms and treatment of nasopharyngitis in children are slightly different from the same processes in adults. Children's symptoms are more pronounced, and in adulthood the disease can proceed latently.

Symptoms of acute rhinopharyngitis:

• hyperthermia up to 38.5 o C;
• cephalgia;
• sneezing and dry cough, aggravated during sleep due to mucus flowing down the back of the throat;
• itching and burning in the nose;
• pain in the throat, especially when swallowing;
• the patient speaks "in the nose";
• secretion from the nose of a serous, purulent-serous nature;
• swollen lymph nodes;
• symptoms of intoxication.

The attachment of Eustachitis is manifested by a feeling of congestion in the ears, significant pain, hearing loss.

allergic form

Allergic rhinopharyngitis is similar in its manifestations to a disease of viral origin. The patient suffers from constant nasal congestion, swelling of the mucous membrane. Inflammation is sluggish in nature, begins with the nasal cavity, then descends below.

Periodically there is a flow of transparent mucus, there is a feeling of discomfort and a lump in the throat. Dry cough may occur.

chronic process

The lack of timely therapy, self-medication are factors contributing to the transition of acute rhinopharyngitis to a chronic form. A common symptom is the inability of the patient to distinguish odors or difficulty breathing.

There are several forms of chronic nasopharyngitis:

1. Subatrophic process - characterized by sclerosis of lymphoid and epithelial tissue. It is manifested by perspiration, soreness in the throat, hoarseness of voice, the appearance of a blue tint of the mucous membrane. The subatrophic nature of the pathology can be determined even by visual examination.
2. Hypertrophic form - there is a proliferation of lymphoid tissue, an increase in volume. There is a sensation of a foreign body in the nasopharynx, constant congestion.
3. Mixed type - combines the manifestations of the two upper forms.

Infectious or not

A person infected with rhinopharyngitis is dangerous to others only if the disease is viral in nature. Virus pathogens are highly volatile. But it is impossible to say with complete certainty that a healthy person will get sick. It all depends on the state of his immune system, the presence of concomitant provocative factors, the time of contact with the patient.

There is also no certainty that a healthy person will “get” exactly nasopharyngitis, since viral pathogens can also cause the development of a number of other manifestations.

Allergic and fungal process are not contagious. Their occurrence is directly related to the internal problems of the body.

Bacterial inflammation, purely theoretically, can be dangerous, but in practice it is very difficult to transmit. In order for a healthy person to become infected, direct contact with pathogenic microorganisms that are on the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx or in purulent exudate is necessary. There should also be several provoking factors, a state of immunodeficiency.

Diagnostics

It is necessary to treat rhinopharyngitis after a correctly established condition. The diagnosis is made on the basis of collecting an anamnesis of the patient's life and illness, the results of laboratory and instrumental studies.

1. Blood test - signs of inflammation (leukocytosis, high ESR, elevated neutrophils).
2. Rhinoscopy - the presence of edema and hyperemia of the mucous membrane, mucous exudate.
3. Pharyngoscopy - hyperemia and infiltration of the walls of the pharynx, leakage of serous or serous-purulent contents.
4. Bakposev - allows you to clarify the causative agent of rhinopharyngitis.
5. Allergic tests.
6. X-ray, CT scan of the paranasal sinuses and nose - to determine the chronic form of inflammation.

Features of therapy

Treatment of acute nasopharyngitis in children depends on the nature of its development. Viral manifestations require the appointment of antiviral drugs (Groprinosin, Arbidol, Interferon). A special place is occupied by symptomatic therapy. Hyperthermia requires the appointment of antipyretics (Ibuprofen, Paracetamol).

To save the child from difficulty breathing, reduce swelling, use vasoconstrictor drops, and for older children - sprays. Representatives - Nazivin, Naphthyzin, Vibrocil. Their long-term use is prohibited, since drug allergies may develop, worsening the manifestations of rhinopharyngitis.

Antihistamines help relieve symptoms, reduce swelling and redness. Use Zodak, Erius, L-cet. These funds are the basis for the treatment of allergic rhinopharyngitis. It is also important to eliminate the influence of the provoking allergen.

Bacterial nasopharyngitis requires the use of antibiotics (penicillins, macrolides, cephalosporins). Their appointment is desirable after bacteriological culture and antibiogram. In parallel, they take probiotics and prebiotics to prevent the development of pharyngomycosis and dysbacteriosis.

The fungal process is eliminated with antimycotics used as systemic drugs and topical agents.

In any form of rhinopharyngitis, a warm drink, gargling (chamomile, sage, Furacilin), nasal rinsing (saline solution, Aqualor, Aquamaris) is considered an important point.

Treatment of chronic rhinopharyngitis is carried out by irrigation of the throat (decoctions and infusions of herbs, Chlorophyllipt, Ingalipt) and the use of local antiseptics of various forms. Treatment with folk remedies is shown, but after discussion with the doctor.

Inhalations

The inhalation method is an effective method of therapy. It is advisable to carry out inhalation with a nebulizer. This device allows you to break the drug into small particles, improving its contact with the mucosa. It can be carried out at elevated body temperature, since the drug is not heated.

• mucolytics (Lazolvan, Mikosist);
• antibiotics and antiseptics (Malavit, Dioxidin, Furacilin);
• alkaline mineral waters;
• hormones;
• tincture of calendula, diluted with saline.

Symptoms and timely treatment of nasopharyngitis in adults and children is a topic that knowledge about is used repeatedly throughout life. Compliance with the advice of specialists is the key to a favorable outcome of the disease and a speedy recovery.

ICD code: J31

Chronic rhinitis, nasopharyngitis and pharyngitis

ICD code online / ICD code J31 / International Classification of Diseases / Diseases of the respiratory system / Other diseases of the upper respiratory tract / Chronic rhinitis, nasopharyngitis and pharyngitis

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Symptoms and treatment of rhinopharyngitis

Rhinopharyngitis is an inflammation of the nasopharyngeal mucosa of an infectious nature.

They get sick at any age, children are more prone to this disease due to the structural features of the nose.

Classification according to ICD 10

The exact name of the disease is acute catarrhal rhinopharyngitis. According to the international classification system of diseases ICD 10, acute catarrhal rhinopharyngitis refers to nasopharyngitis.

Code of acute nasopharyngitis (acute rhinitis) according to ICD 10 J00. Acute rhinopharyngitis, with frequent repetition, becomes chronic, occurring with hidden symptoms without exacerbations.

The reasons

The appearance of symptoms of acute rhinopharyngitis is associated with a weakening of the general defenses of the body and the immunity of the nasal mucosa. Inflammation occurs when hypothermia of the legs, head.

The causative agents of inflammation of the nasal mucosa are rhinoviruses, adenoviruses, own microflora, usually streptococci, staphylococci.

Symptoms

In the course of the disease, changes in the mucosa pass through three stages - irritation, serous, purulent discharge.

Irritation stage

In the nose, throat, scratching, tickling, dryness are felt. Irritation causes bouts of sneezing, which are accompanied by pain when swallowing, heaviness in the head.

The temperature rises slightly, often remains within the normal range. And only in rare cases it rises to 38 degrees.

The initial stage of rhinopharyngitis lasts from several hours to two days.

During this time, the shell under the action of the infectious agent gradually increases in volume, thickens.

As a result of thickening of the mucous membrane, the nasal passages become narrow, which causes deterioration in breathing, leading to a lack of oxygen in the tissues. The patient's voice becomes nasal, the sense of smell is disturbed.

The stage of appearance of secretions

Signs of inflammation are on the rise. From the blood, lymphatic vessels in the cavity of the nasopharynx, fluid is released, accumulates in the nasal cavity, flows into the larynx.

The secretory activity of the mucous glands increases, the volume of mucus increases. Serous-mucous discharge accumulates in the nasal cavity. Nasal breathing is difficult, there is a profuse watery-mucous runny nose.

The volume of discharge depends on the condition of the mucosa at the onset of the disease. With subatrophic rhinopharyngitis, which is characterized by a thinned mucosa, the period of manifestation of acute symptoms will be less long, there is less discharge from the nose.

With an initially thickened, hypertrophied mucous membrane, rhinopharyngitis is difficult, the symptoms are more pronounced.

Swelling of the mucosa leads to a narrowing of the outlet of the auditory tube, which goes into the nasopharynx. This causes congestion, noise, discomfort in the ears.

The patient continues to have attacks of sneezing, which are accompanied by lacrimation, photophobia, and symptoms of conjunctivitis develop.

Serous discharge from the nose contains ammonia, sodium chloride. These substances, getting on the skin under the nose, the mucous membrane of the nasal passages, act irritatingly, cause redness.

Acute rhinopharyngitis in children at this stage is accompanied by severe irritation of the skin of the upper lip and the area above it, the skin is swollen, reddened.

Stage of formation of purulent secretions

Approximately 5 days after the onset of nasopharyngitis, pus is mixed with serous-mucous secretions.

Allocations are painted in a yellowish, greenish color.

The composition of pus contains a large number of lymphocytes involved in the neutralization of the bacterial pathogen of rhinopharyngitis, as well as desquamated epithelial cells, destroyed bacteria.

Then the mucosal edema decreases, nasal breathing gradually normalizes. The day after the onset of nasopharyngitis, the symptoms disappear, the patient recovers.

Features of rhinopharyngitis in children

In young children, the inflammatory process in rhinopharyngitis is not limited to the nasal cavity and throat. Inflammation takes on the character of a disease of the upper respiratory tract, spreads to the trachea, bronchi.

Nasopharyngitis is especially severe in newborns. Due to the narrowness of the nasal passages, the child has to break away from the breast during feeding in order to inhale air. With such feeding, the baby gets tired, gives up the breast, is malnourished, and does not gain weight.

Rhinopharyngitis in newborns leads to dehydration, flatulence, diarrhea, vomiting, aerophagia - swallowing air.

Treatment of rhinopharyngitis

Therapeutic measures in the treatment of nasopharyngitis are aimed at eliminating the symptoms of the disease and reducing the duration of inflammation in the nasopharynx. Nasopharyngitis is usually treated at home, bed rest is recommended, a diet that excludes spicy foods.

You should blow your nose with caution, only through one side of the nose, pinching the nostrils alternately. This will prevent mucus from being thrown into the auditory tube, the middle ear.

In the first 3-4 days, thermal, diaphoretic procedures are used. Adults with rhinopharyngitis are recommended to drink hot drinks with aspirin, paracetamol.

You can put mustard plasters on the calves of the legs in the absence of temperature.

The main treatment for acute rhinopharyngitis are vasoconstrictors. It is recommended to use drugs in the form of sprays. With this method of application, the dosage is more accurately observed, the nasal cavity is treated more evenly.

For the treatment of rhinopharyngitis, Nazivin, naphazoline, epinephrine, phenylephrine, xylometazoline are prescribed. In pediatric practice, Nazol Baby and Nazol Kids drops containing phenylephrine are used.

Phenylephrine acts gently, is not addictive, and can be used in children under 3 years of age. Children after 6 years of age, adults are prescribed Nazol containing oxymetazoline. The active substance oxymetazoline is also found in the preparations afrin, nazivin, leconil.

Treatment with vasoconstrictor drops is carried out in short courses to avoid addiction, the development of drug-induced rhinitis.

Improvement in rhinopharyngitis is noted with inhalation through a nebulizer of saline solutions, saline, miramistin, dioxidine.

For local treatment of the nasal cavity, an antibacterial ointment mupirocin, nasal spray framycetin, bioparox containing the antibiotic fusafungin are prescribed.

A good result is observed when using polydex spray with phenylephrine, an iodine-containing drug povidone-iodine. Assign tablets for resorption, antiseptics, essential oils - antiangin, ambazone, septolete, rotokan.

If the symptoms of rhinopharyngitis do not subside within 4 weeks, then this indicates that the process has become chronic.

As a prophylaxis of exacerbations of chronic rhinopharyngitis, inhalations are resorted to through a nebulizer. Use solutions containing sea salt.

Folk remedies

For the treatment of rhinopharyngitis, folk remedies are widely used. The most common are gargling, instillation into the nose, irrigation of the nasal cavity, washing, inhalation through a nebulizer.

For gargling use decoctions of chamomile, sage, calendula. Olive oil is instilled into the nose to soften the mucosa in the first days of the disease, along with gargling.

Inhalations, nasal lavages are carried out with Dolphin, non-carbonated mineral water "Borjomi".

Complications

In childhood, inflammation of the middle ear becomes a frequent complication of rhinopharyngitis. In children and adolescents, acute nasopharyngitis can provoke tracheitis, bronchitis, pneumonia.

Forecast

In children and adults, the prognosis is favorable. In weakened young children, newborns, nasopharyngitis is treated under medical supervision, the prognosis in this case is favorable.

Lump behind the ear in an adult

Runny nose in a nursing mother, treatment with drops and folk remedies

Signs and treatment of sinusitis in adults

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How and how to treat a sore throat in a child of 2 years

By self-medicating, you can waste time and harm your health!

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What is pharyngitis according to ICD 10?

If the patient has pharyngitis, the ICD-10 contains a special code for this pathology to make it easier for the doctor to store information. In general, pharyngitis is a fairly common disease. With this disease, unpleasant symptoms appear, due to which not only the well-being of a person worsens, but also his performance.

The concept of pharyngitis in the international classification

ICD-10 is called a special classification, which records all the existing diseases and injuries around the world. There is a separate classifier for each branch of knowledge, and in healthcare this is the International Classification of Diseases. This document is reviewed every 10 years. At the same time, various changes and additions are made. The creation of such a registry was carried out under the leadership of the World Health Organization. This document is necessary in order to ensure the unity of all theoretical knowledge and prevent discrepancies in the interpretation of the classification of diseases and methods of their treatment. Each disease has its own separate code in such a classifier. It consists of numbers and letters. There are 21 sections in this document. This approach makes it possible to effectively subdivide both the main diseases and their derivatives.

The acute form of pharyngitis has the ICD-10 code J02. This number shows that it belongs to the main diseases of the respiratory system. With such an ailment, the mucous membranes in the pharynx become inflamed. The acute form of the disease manifests itself most often from a viral infection - in about 70% of cases. This section excludes only: abscesses of the peritonsillar, retropharyngeal, or pharyngeal type, acute nasopharyngitis, acute laryngopharyngitis, and chronic pharyngitis.

If we consider this class in more detail, then there are separate codes for different pathogens. For example, if pharyngitis is caused by a streptococcal infection, then the code will be J02.0. But in this case, scarlet fever is excluded. She has the number A38.

For acute pharyngitis caused by other specified pathogens, the number will be J02.8. Additional codes are used to identify pathogens in more detail. This section excludes infectious-type mononucleosis and influenza viruses.

For acute pharyngitis, which is not specified, code J02.9 is used. In this case, it can be ulcerative, purulent, gangrenous.

In 30% of cases, doctors diagnose chronic pharyngitis. It has code J31.2. The number "31" indicates that the disease belongs to other ailments of the respiratory system. A similar form can occur periodically due to the action of various adverse factors.

Both chronic and acute forms of pharyngitis can occur along with other diseases. For example, most often in parallel, the patient suffers from influenza, measles and SARS. By the way, if the infection causes other diseases, and not just pharyngitis, then the symptomatic picture will be mixed.

Varieties of the disease

There are several types of pharyngitis. A person may develop any of the following forms:

1. 1 Hypertrophic pharyngitis. With such an ailment, the throat of the patient acquires a bright red tint. Small blood vessels also dilate. Because of this, they can be seen on inspection. The palate and tongue become softer and looser, although this was not observed before. The patient may suffer from nausea and bouts of vomiting due to the fact that a large amount of mucus has accumulated in the throat.
2. 2 catarrhal. Such an ailment has the same symptoms as hypertrophic pharyngitis. But there are also distinctive features. The main one is that the pharynx gradually swells. In addition, the patient will notice a purulent plaque on the mucous membrane.
3. 3 Atrophic. In the atrophic form, crusts of the bloody type gradually appear. They are located in the nasopharynx. In the throat, the mucous membranes turn pale, their dryness is felt. As a rule, this is observed when the disease becomes chronic. But in addition to the above, there are also symptoms that are characteristic of the acute form of the disease.
4. 4 Granular. This form of the disease can be recognized by the following symptoms. First, the throat feels dry and itchy. Secondly, when swallowing, pressing pain is felt, but it is not intense. Thirdly, there is phlegm and mucus, but it is difficult to expectorate them. When a person sleeps, a spasmodic cough manifests itself. On the back wall of the pharynx, nodules of a red tint are formed. This is a consequence of damage to the lymphatic tissue. Quite often, the granulosa form of pharyngitis, if left untreated, develops into an atrophic form.

Causes and symptoms of pathology

The causes of pharyngitis are very diverse. As a rule, this disease develops along with SARS. It is caused by an infection that provokes respiratory diseases. For example, it can be streptococci. This reason is considered the most common. But fungal infection and adenoviruses can also come into play.

Symptoms of pharyngitis can also occur due to inflammatory and infectious processes that occur in organs located close to the pharynx. Examples of such diseases are caries, sinusitis, rhinitis.

The following factors can also be the causes of the development of the disease:

• smoking;
• severe hypothermia of the whole body or only the throat due to a long stay in cold air;
• metabolic problems;
• frequent use of alcoholic beverages;
• inhalation of dust and fumes from chemicals;
• genetic predisposition to diseases of the respiratory system;
• avitaminosis;
• weakened immunity.

As for the symptoms themselves, with pharyngitis, the very first sign is an unpleasant sensation in the throat. For example, the patient complains of tickling, tickling, discomfort and even burning. In the morning, you need to get rid of the mucus that has accumulated. As a result, the person coughs, expectorates. Sometimes there is nausea and bouts of vomiting in severe cases. During swallowing, the patient feels pain and pressure.

The severity of the signs of the disease depends on the forms of the disease and its etiology. As a rule, in acute and chronic forms, the following symptoms appear:

• redness of the mucous membranes of the pharynx;
• granularity of lymphatic tissue in the pharynx;
• various formations on the back of the pharynx, then they spread to the tonsils;
• plaque in the form of mucus and pus;
• rhinitis;
• body temperature rises - up to about 37.5 ° C;
• cough dry and persistent;
• the patient feels general weakness;
• sometimes a headache, dizziness appears;
• there is pain in the muscles, aches, discomfort in the joints;
• there are breathing problems.

When the patient suffers from pharyngitis, the lymph nodes under the jaw and on the back of the head increase. On palpation, pain is felt in this place. If the patient began to hurt and the ear, stuffiness is felt. This indicates that the infection has also spread to the region of the middle part of the hearing organ.

Often pharyngitis is confused with other diseases: measles, scarlet fever.

Also, the symptoms are very similar to angina. But the difference lies in the severity of pain and the level to which body temperature can rise. Symptoms of pharyngitis are similar to diphtheria, but the distinguishing feature is that there is no whitish film. It is imperative to clearly know the diagnosis for further therapy.

Often, patients have a mixed form - acute nasopharyngitis. By themselves, the pathologies practically do not differ, only symptoms characteristic of rhinitis appear. In general, pharyngitis is considered a common disease. In ICD-10, he is given a separate code, and for each variety separately.

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Rhinopharyngitis - inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and pharynx. The disease is accompanied by symptoms characteristic of the defeat of two upper parts of the respiratory system at once. Occurs on its own or becomes a complication of rhinitis, in which the infection descends and causes inflammation in the throat. Treatment is aimed at eliminating the symptoms and restoring the normal functioning of the nasopharyngeal mucosa.

Rhinopharyngitis is an inflammation of the nasopharyngeal mucosa caused by various causes. The disease can occur in acute or chronic forms. It rarely occurs as an independent pathology, more often it is a process that subsequently passes to the mucous membrane of the larynx, trachea and the underlying respiratory tract.

Rhinopharyngitis is equally common in both sexes. It is characterized by an increased frequency of occurrence among children and the elderly due to the physiological characteristics of the body.

The increase in the percentage of incidence of this pathology occurs in the spring and autumn periods, during the seasonal exacerbation of viral activity.

The ICD-10 code for the acute form of nasopharyngitis (the second name is acute nasopharyngitis) is J00. For the chronic form, a separate line is allocated - J31.1. Knowledge of the ICD-10 coding helps to keep a statistical record of various diseases at the international level, but for patients it is of no fundamental importance.

Symptoms and signs of rhinopharyngitis

Acute nasopharyngitis (o. nasopharyngitis) develops rapidly within a few hours, in rare cases the incubation period lasts about a day. The first signs may be a feeling of dryness, burning, itching and tickling in the nose, sneezing.

After that, abundant watery discharge from the nose appears, symptoms of inflammation of the pharyngeal mucosa join. Among them - a sore throat, dry mouth, hacking cough. With inflammation and swelling of the excretory mouths of the auditory tubes, which are located in the nasopharynx, there is a feeling of congestion in the ears.

On visual examination, the membrane of the nasopharynx turns red and swells, which confirms the diagnosis of o. nasopharyngitis.

With the transition of the inflammatory process to the paranasal sinuses, the symptoms of sinusitis join. They are expressed by pain in the sinus area, purulent secretions from the nose, severe headaches.

If the infectious process spreads lower, then this condition is accompanied by a cough with sputum, pharyngolaryngitis or rhinopharyngotracheitis may develop.

Depending on the type of pathology, the symptoms and signs of the disease may vary:

1. Allergic rhinopharyngitis. In the allergic form, symptoms of irritation and swelling are expressed. The patient is concerned about lacrimation, sneezing, a feeling of lack of air, swelling and nasal congestion. Signs of the disease develop only upon contact with the causative allergen.
2. O. nasopharyngitis. Symptoms of the acute form are characterized by pronounced signs of inflammation. The patient has a sore throat, runny nose, fever. There may be an increase in nearby lymph nodes (chin, sublingual, etc.).
3. Chronic nasopharyngitis. In chronic inflammation, the general symptoms of intoxication are mild. First of all, the patient is concerned about dryness and perspiration in the nose and throat. Patients complain of coughing with nasopharyngitis, nasal congestion, mucus secretion, feeling of a lump in the throat.

Chronic rhinopharyngitis is further subdivided into atrophic, catarrhal and hyperplastic forms.

Causes of the disease

Acute rhinopharyngitis occurs under the influence of various aggressive factors.

The main reasons for the development of rhinopharyngitis:

1. Viruses. More than 70% of all rhinopharyngitis are of a viral nature. In most cases, this area is affected by rhino and adenoviruses, as well as influenza viruses, parainfluenza and other species.
2. bacteria. bacterial o. rhinopharyngitis is caused by staphylococci and streptococci, intracellular pathogens such as chlamydia and mycoplasmas are less common. In some cases, the cause of the disease may be a combination of microflora, for example, viral-bacterial associations.
3. Fungi. Fungal infection of the nasopharynx can develop against the background of long-term use of antibiotics, as well as in people with weakened immune systems. One of the most well-known pathogens is fungi of the genus Candida.
4. Allergy. AT environment There are over a billion potential allergens that cause allergic reaction in predisposed persons. More often than other symptoms about. rhinopharyngitis of an allergic nature provokes pollen, wool, bed mites, food and waste products of animals and birds, household chemicals.
5. Chemical and mechanical stimuli. Unlike an allergic reaction, which develops only in predisposed people, the action of aggressive chemical and mechanical factors causes inflammation of the nasopharyngeal mucosa in almost any person. This may be inhalation of harmful gases and impurities, exposure to alkalis and acids.

Contributing factors of rhinopharyngitis are general and local hypothermia of the body, chronic diseases oral cavity, dry and polluted indoor air, lack of vitamins and minerals in the daily diet.

Diagnosis and treatment of rhinopharyngitis

The diagnosis is made by an otolaryngologist on the basis of characteristic complaints and a visual examination of the patient using special instruments. To confirm the inflammatory process in the body, the patient is prescribed general analysis blood. If an allergic reaction is suspected, a referral for allergy tests is issued to confirm or refute the allergy.

Patients with chronic forms of rhinopharyngitis are recommended to perform a bacteriological smear from the nose and throat to clarify the microflora and determine its sensitivity to antibiotics.

Drug therapy is aimed at eliminating the symptoms of the disease and restoring the damaged mucosa.

For these purposes, use:

As part of complex therapy, doctors include physiotherapy methods of treatment. It can be UV, UHF, electrophoresis, magnetic laser therapy.

Treatment of rhinopharyngitis with folk remedies is justified at the first signs of the disease, in combination with drug therapy. It is useful to rinse the nose and gargle with herbal infusions, soda or saline.

Surgical methods are aimed at eliminating foci of chronic infection in the body. To do this, carry out. In other cases, septoplasty is recommended if the nasal septum is curved or nasal breathing is difficult.

In chronic hypertrophic rhinopharyngitis in adults, cauterization of enlarged lymphatic follicles located on the back of the pharynx is also used.

In the event of unfavorable circumstances (stable microflora, decreased immunity, comorbidities, etc.), complications from the paranasal sinuses (sinusitis, frontal sinusitis, ethmoiditis) may develop. In this case, there is a high probability of the transition of the inflammatory process to the underlying sections, laryngitis, tracheitis, bronchitis or pneumonia develops.

Forecast and prevention

The prognosis for the treatment of the acute form is favorable. With adequate therapy, the symptoms disappear after 3-4 days after the start of treatment.

To avoid the development of complications, to prevent the transition of the disease into a chronic form, treatment must be timely and correct.

According to the international classification system of diseases ICD 10, acute catarrhal rhinopharyngitis refers to nasopharyngitis.

Code of acute nasopharyngitis (acute rhinitis) according to ICD 10 J00. Acute rhinopharyngitis, with frequent repetition, becomes chronic, occurring with hidden symptoms without exacerbations.

The reasons

The appearance of symptoms of acute rhinopharyngitis is associated with a weakening of the general defenses of the body and the immunity of the nasal mucosa. Inflammation occurs when hypothermia of the legs, head.

The causative agents of inflammation of the nasal mucosa are rhinoviruses, adenoviruses, own microflora, usually streptococci, staphylococci.

Symptoms

In the course of the disease, changes in the mucosa pass through three stages - irritation, serous, purulent discharge.

Irritation stage

In the nose, throat, scratching, tickling, dryness are felt. Irritation causes bouts of sneezing, which are accompanied by pain when swallowing, heaviness in the head.

The temperature rises slightly, often remains within the normal range. And only in rare cases it rises to 38 degrees.

The initial stage of rhinopharyngitis lasts from several hours to two days.

During this time, the shell under the action of the infectious agent gradually increases in volume, thickens.

As a result of thickening of the mucous membrane, the nasal passages become narrow, which causes deterioration in breathing, leading to a lack of oxygen in the tissues. The patient's voice becomes nasal, the sense of smell is disturbed.

The stage of appearance of secretions

Signs of inflammation are on the rise. From the blood, lymphatic vessels in the cavity of the nasopharynx, fluid is released, accumulates in the nasal cavity, flows into the larynx.

The secretory activity of the mucous glands increases, the volume of mucus increases. Serous-mucous discharge accumulates in the nasal cavity. Nasal breathing is difficult, there is a profuse watery-mucous runny nose.

The volume of discharge depends on the condition of the mucosa at the onset of the disease. With subatrophic rhinopharyngitis, which is characterized by a thinned mucosa, the period of manifestation of acute symptoms will be less long, there is less discharge from the nose.

With an initially thickened, hypertrophied mucous membrane, rhinopharyngitis is difficult, the symptoms are more pronounced.

Swelling of the mucosa leads to a narrowing of the outlet of the auditory tube, which goes into the nasopharynx. This causes congestion, noise, discomfort in the ears.

The patient continues to have attacks of sneezing, which are accompanied by lacrimation, photophobia, and symptoms of conjunctivitis develop.

Serous discharge from the nose contains ammonia, sodium chloride. These substances, getting on the skin under the nose, the mucous membrane of the nasal passages, act irritatingly, cause redness.

Acute rhinopharyngitis in children at this stage is accompanied by severe irritation of the skin of the upper lip and the area above it, the skin is swollen, reddened.

Stage of formation of purulent secretions

Approximately 5 days after the onset of nasopharyngitis, pus is mixed with serous-mucous secretions.

Allocations are painted in a yellowish, greenish color.

The composition of pus contains a large number of lymphocytes involved in the neutralization of the bacterial pathogen of rhinopharyngitis, as well as desquamated epithelial cells, destroyed bacteria.

Then the mucosal edema decreases, nasal breathing gradually normalizes. The day after the onset of nasopharyngitis, the symptoms disappear, the patient recovers.

Features of rhinopharyngitis in children

In young children, the inflammatory process in rhinopharyngitis is not limited to the nasal cavity and throat. Inflammation takes on the character of a disease of the upper respiratory tract, spreads to the trachea, bronchi.

Nasopharyngitis is especially severe in newborns. Due to the narrowness of the nasal passages, the child has to break away from the breast during feeding in order to inhale air. With such feeding, the baby gets tired, gives up the breast, is malnourished, and does not gain weight.

Rhinopharyngitis in newborns leads to dehydration, flatulence, diarrhea, vomiting, aerophagia - swallowing air.

Treatment of rhinopharyngitis

Therapeutic measures in the treatment of nasopharyngitis are aimed at eliminating the symptoms of the disease and reducing the duration of inflammation in the nasopharynx. Nasopharyngitis is usually treated at home, bed rest is recommended, a diet that excludes spicy foods.

You should blow your nose with caution, only through one side of the nose, pinching the nostrils alternately. This will prevent mucus from being thrown into the auditory tube, the middle ear.

In the first 3-4 days, thermal, diaphoretic procedures are used. Adults with rhinopharyngitis are recommended to drink hot drinks with aspirin, paracetamol.

You can put mustard plasters on the calves of the legs in the absence of temperature.

The main treatment for acute rhinopharyngitis are vasoconstrictors. It is recommended to use drugs in the form of sprays. With this method of application, the dosage is more accurately observed, the nasal cavity is treated more evenly.

For the treatment of rhinopharyngitis, Nazivin, naphazoline, epinephrine, phenylephrine, xylometazoline are prescribed. In pediatric practice, Nazol Baby and Nazol Kids drops containing phenylephrine are used.

Phenylephrine acts gently, is not addictive, and can be used in children under 3 years of age. Children after 6 years of age, adults are prescribed Nazol containing oxymetazoline. The active substance oxymetazoline is also found in the preparations afrin, nazivin, leconil.

Treatment with vasoconstrictor drops is carried out in short courses to avoid addiction, the development of drug-induced rhinitis.

Improvement in rhinopharyngitis is noted with inhalation through a nebulizer of saline solutions, saline, miramistin, dioxidine.

For local treatment of the nasal cavity, an antibacterial ointment mupirocin, nasal spray framycetin, bioparox containing the antibiotic fusafungin are prescribed.

A good result is observed when using polydex spray with phenylephrine, an iodine-containing drug povidone-iodine. Assign tablets for resorption, antiseptics, essential oils - antiangin, ambazone, septolete, rotokan.

If the symptoms of rhinopharyngitis do not subside within 4 weeks, then this indicates that the process has become chronic.

As a prophylaxis of exacerbations of chronic rhinopharyngitis, inhalations are resorted to through a nebulizer. Use solutions containing sea salt.

Folk remedies

For the treatment of rhinopharyngitis, folk remedies are widely used. The most common are gargling, instillation into the nose, irrigation of the nasal cavity, washing, inhalation through a nebulizer.

For gargling use decoctions of chamomile, sage, calendula. Olive oil is instilled into the nose to soften the mucosa in the first days of the disease, along with gargling.

Inhalations, nasal lavages are carried out with Dolphin, non-carbonated mineral water "Borjomi".

Complications

In childhood, inflammation of the middle ear becomes a frequent complication of rhinopharyngitis. In children and adolescents, acute nasopharyngitis can provoke tracheitis, bronchitis, pneumonia.

Forecast

In children and adults, the prognosis is favorable. In weakened young children, newborns, nasopharyngitis is treated under medical supervision, the prognosis in this case is favorable.

Lump behind the ear in an adult

Runny nose in a nursing mother, treatment with drops and folk remedies

Signs and treatment of sinusitis in adults

Inexpensive cold drops

Treatment of laryngitis in adults at home

How and how to treat a sore throat in a child of 2 years

By self-medicating, you can waste time and harm your health!

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Acute pharyngitis (J02)

Includes: acute angina

Use an additional code (B95-B98) if necessary to identify the infectious agent.

Excludes: pharyngitis caused by:

• enteroviral vesicular (B08.5)
• due to herpes simplex virus (B00.2)
• infectious mononucleosis (B27.-)
• flu virus:
  • identified (J09, J10.1)
  • unidentified (J11.1)

Angina (acute) NOS

In Russia, the International Classification of Diseases of the 10th revision (ICD-10) is adopted as a single regulatory document for accounting for morbidity, reasons for the population to apply to medical institutions of all departments, and causes of death.

ICD-10 was introduced into healthcare practice throughout the Russian Federation in 1999 by order of the Russian Ministry of Health dated May 27, 1997. №170

The publication of a new revision (ICD-11) is planned by WHO in 2017 2018.

With amendments and additions by WHO.

Processing and translation of changes © mkb-10.com

Rhinopharyngitis - what is it

Rhinopharyngitis is such a disease that has a bad reputation. Suddenly diagnosed with atrophic rhinopharyngitis - what to do in this case?

Where did it come from and why is it atrophic? Such questions are asked by people who are inattentive to their health. The diagnosis of rhinopharyngitis, it should be noted, is made infrequently, usually doctors write acute respiratory infections or the usual acute respiratory viral infections. Catarrhal rhinopharyngitis is an acute inflammation of the nasal cavity and pharynx at once.

First, a runny nose begins, or rhinitis (in Latin), which turns into inflammation of the mucous membrane of the entire nasopharynx. Rhinopharyngitis - what is dangerous in this disease?

The danger is due to the fact that the cause of most rhinopharyngitis is viruses. A viral infection is characterized by the rapid development of the pathological process, it covers the mucous membranes of the nose and mouth, and can pass to the tonsils, larynx and bronchi.

SARS as a precursor of nasopharyngitis

Nasopharyngitis, sometimes called nasopharyngitis, is caused by viruses such as influenza and parainfluenza; adenoviruses; rhinoviruses; RS viruses. The instruction allows you to determine which virus the patient has contracted.

After infection, symptoms appear very quickly:

• body temperature rises rapidly;
• lacrimation, cough and runny nose;
• general asthenic syndrome;
• headache due to inflammation of the sinuses;
• there is congestion in the ears.

As a result of SARS, rhinopharyngitis can become chronic, and then a persistent focus of infection appears in the nasopharynx. In this case, recurrent nasopharyngitis manifests itself as an exacerbation of the disease and requires long-term treatment. Atrophic rhinopharyngitis is observed in the chronic form of the disease, when the mucous membrane is depleted.

Subatrophic rhinopharyngitis is characterized by the fact that the atrophic form passes to the epithelial tissue and lymphoid formations. In this case, crusts are formed on the mucosa, it is hyperemic and can bleed.

According to the International Classification of Diseases of the 10th revision (ICD-10), nasopharyngitis according to ICD 10 is acute catarrhal rhinopharyngitis. Nasopharyngitis mkb10 refers to nasopharyngitis. Code of acute nasopharyngitis (acute rhinitis) according to ICD 10 J00. If acute rhinopharyngitis often recurs, then it is likely that it will pass into the chronic stage.

That is why viral infections are dangerous, because basically the doctor and the patient have to rely on their own protective capabilities of the body, since viruses are not treated with antibiotics. This is due to the fact that viruses invade cells and are not alien, like bacteria, which are destroyed by phagocytes. Subatrophic nasopharyngitis is a neglected form of the disease and it is very difficult to completely cure it.

Antibiotics for rhinopharyngitis are prescribed only when a bacterial cause is established. These are: anaerobic bacteria, diphtheria bacillus, mycoplasmas, chlamydia, fungi of the genus Candida. Allergic rhinopharyngitis occurs upon contact with allergens in the form of room and clothes dust, dust mites, animal hair.

If the acute form of rhinopharyngitis is not properly treated, then when it becomes chronic, it is very difficult, if not impossible, to cure it. Chronic rhinopharyngitis for treatment requires a lot of effort and the use of expensive drugs, including antibiotics for exacerbations (see Antibiotics for pharyngitis: which to take).

The following symptoms of rhinopharyngitis are distinguished:

• constant and unpleasant sensations in the nasopharynx in the form of tingling, burning, dry mucous membranes;
• constant accumulation of mucous secretions in the throat and nose, which are difficult to separate;
• nasal congestion is manifested, because of this the voice changes, you have to breathe through your mouth;
• inflammatory phenomena pass to the Eustachian tubes, which connect the nasal cavity with the inner ear and clicks are heard in the ears.

The doctor, making an examination, detects a rush of blood to the nasopharyngeal mucosa, an increase in the size of the lymph nodes in the neck and neck. If nasopharyngitis is caused by allergens, then the search and elimination of contacts with them bring relief and the disease recedes.

For rhinopharyngitis is characterized by the complete involvement of the nasopharynx in the inflammatory process, which begins with the nose and gradually covers the entire pharynx. A persistent runny nose, redness in the throat and the expiration of mucous secretions along the back of the throat, accompanied by a cough, indicate that nasopharyngitis has found its victim.

Acute nasopharyngitis in children

The child develops weakness, general malaise, drowsiness, but the temperature rises slightly.

When examining the nasopharynx, severe swelling is detected, severe redness due to a rush of blood, the following signs appear:

• there is a lot of mucus in the nasopharynx, which is purulent;
• the child often sneezes, itches in his nose;
• tearfulness appears;
• the voice changes in timbre;
• the child complains of constant sore throat and difficulty in swallowing.

Infants are prone to colds due to an undeveloped immune system and it is very dangerous when a nasopharyngitis is confused with a common ARVI in an infant, then its acute form can become chronic.

Infants and up to the age of 5 years with rhinopharyngitis are prescribed:

1. They clean the nasal cavity of mucus, constantly wash the child.
2. A few cloves of garlic and an onion are crushed and placed on a plate at the head of the baby at night.
3. The nose of the child is washed with a solution of onion, which is prepared by chopping the onion and filling it with water.

The symptoms of rhinopharyngitis in children are the same as in adults, only children cannot yet clearly explain what they feel.

How is nasopharyngitis treated in children older than a year

They breathe steam, carry out inhalations, gargle, rinse the nose, clear it of secreted mucus, use antibacterial and anti-inflammatory sprays. Cough with rhinopharyngitis is caused by secreted mucus on the back of the throat, so gargling is a must.

Antibiotics are rarely used:

1. Inhalation with vapors of drugs.
2. Gargling with antiseptic agents, solutions for inflammation, decoctions of herbs.
3. Taking warm foot baths.
4. Warm and hot drinks. Compotes, decoctions, tea with honey, mineral water.

It is important to treat the child intensively and comprehensively in order to prevent the transition of the acute phase of the disease to the chronic one.

Rhinopharyngitis in adults

The disease is characterized by a painful runny nose with nasal congestion completely or alternately one of the nostrils. Pershit in the throat, cough, sensation of a lump that is not swallowed. Rhinopharyngitis and SARS are similar in symptoms, only rhinopharyngitis is characterized by inflammation of large spaces in the pharynx and nose.

Nasopharyngitis during pregnancy is especially unpleasant, since many anti-inflammatory drugs are contraindicated in this case, and it is impossible for pregnant women to warm their nose and soar their legs to alleviate the condition. What is rhinopharyngitis and what are the features of its course, shows the video in this article. When acute nasopharyngitis overtakes you, you will feel what it is without examinations.

Home remedies for rhinopharyngitis

If acute rhinopharyngitis is suspected, complex treatment should be carried out to prevent complications of the disease and its transition to a chronic process. Treatment at home does not mean that you do not need to see a doctor, on the contrary, only a doctor will tell you the correct method of treatment at home.

One of these methods is as follows:

• intensive gargling of the throat and larynx with a decoction of sage;
• a decoction of sage with olive oil is instilled into the nasal passages to soften the mucosa;
• for gargling, it is best to choose a soda solution, choose the concentration;
• the use of antiseptics Chlorophyllipt and Miramistin;
• use a nebulizer for inhalation with decoctions of herbs and mineral water.
• use antihistamines to reduce swelling in the nose and throat.

Antibiotics should only be used as directed by a doctor, and only when nasopharyngitis is caused by a bacterial infection. With your own hands, you can prepare herbal decoctions and infusions according to the recommendations of herbalists, and use them for gargling. Herbs for gargling are sold in a pharmacy, their price is low, and the therapeutic effect is no worse than patented drugs.

In order to recognize and effectively cure rhinopharyngitis, you must definitely contact a specialist - an otolaryngologist, who has in his arsenal correct techniques treatment and prevention of this dangerous disease.

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Features of the treatment of rhinopharyngitis: symptoms, diagnosis, recommendations

Rhinopharyngitis is an inflammatory disease of the respiratory and pharyngeal organs. Appears as a complication of rhinitis and pharyngitis. The first disease is characterized by runny nose and inflammation of the nasal mucosa. In the absence of complications, the disease disappears in 7-10 days. Pharyngitis often occurs more often due to the addition of a bacterial infection. It is characterized by cough, sore throat and constant pain.

Rhinopharyngitis, ICD-10 code: clinical picture

The disease is characterized by signs that are present in the diseases described above. Infected cells begin to produce histamine.

Increases blood flow to the affected area, which leads to swelling of the mucosa.

The infection is most severe in children due to the narrowness of the nasal passages and the small vertical size of the nose.

The reasons

Lead to the development of the disease can:

• hypothermia,
• viral (ARVI) and bacterial infections.

The acute form is often found in children of younger and preschool age. Especially if the child is at risk, has a weak immune system or diathesis. Rhinoviruses, adenoviruses, own microflora, cocci become infectious agents.

Dr. Komarovsky tells about the causes of a runny nose in children:

Symptoms

In almost all cases, the symptoms are manifested by unpleasant sensations in the nasopharynx. Accumulated mucous discharge is formed, it becomes difficult to breathe. when spreading to the mucous membrane of the auditory tubes, there is pain in the ears, a general decrease in hearing. In adults, the temperature does not always rise.

Acute catarrhal

This form is characterized by the development of general swelling and penetration into the mucous membrane of the infection. There is an expansion of blood vessels, blood is intensively supplied to the nasopharyngeal cavity.

At the same time, blood supply passes to the mucosa. The disease in this form is characterized by:

• The formation of mucous discharge.
• Decrease in the timbre of the voice.
• Lachrymation.
• Constant feeling of itching.
• An increase in body temperature.

Chronic

Chronic pharyngitis appears with an untreated acute phase. Often the cause is carious teeth and the spread of a chronic sinus infection. The mucosa becomes loose, edematous in the tonsils. Lymph nodes increase in the posterior wall. The temperature may remain normal or slightly elevated.

Subatrophic

At an early stage, redness of the throat mucosa appears. There is pain when swallowing, perspiration, unproductive cough. The back wall is constantly in an irritated state, thinning of the mucosa is observed. Due to the defeat of the nerve endings, the swallowing reflex is disturbed, salivation increases. The temperature rises to 37.2-37.5. The mucosa has a pale appearance. It becomes dry and richly permeated with vessels.

atrophic

Allergic

Symptoms of allergic pharyngitis occur under the action of an allergen, which should lead to a decrease in contact with it. The mucous membrane of the nose, nasopharynx and throat swells. It all starts with the nose, gradually descending into the throat. Among the main signs:

1. Nasal congestion.
2. Inflammation of the throat.
3. Feeling of discomfort in the throat.
4. Cough.

In the photo, types of farignite

Features of diagnostics

Diagnosis is made on the basis of history and examination. Hyperemia of the pharynx is revealed, sometimes mucus begins to drain along the back wall. In the process of research, the doctor must differentiate the disease from laryngitis and tonsillitis. With these diseases, the throat is more affected. A runny nose with the bacterial nature of these ailments does not appear.

During the study, the period of the course of the disease is determined. With a long process, a clinical blood test, bacterioscopy, swabs from the nasopharynx by ELISA and PCR are prescribed. In chronic forms, the appointment of x-rays of the nasopharynx and sinuses, as well as nasal endoscopy, is recommended.

Treatment

With rhinopharyngitis, you can not do compresses, warming up the throat. In childhood (up to 3 years), aerosol forms of drugs are not used, since they can provoke convulsions and spasms. It is not recommended to get involved in vasoconstrictor drugs.

During illness, it is necessary to maintain the optimal level of humidity in the room (about 60%) and temperature (19-20 degrees). The patient should drink up to 2.5 liters of fluid per day. You can not eat hot, cold, spicy. Doctors recommend eliminating all possible allergens from the diet.

Treatment begins with regular mucosal lavage and inhalation. Since coughing during illness appears against the background of mucus flowing along the back wall, no medicines are prescribed for this ailment.

Medically

For treatment, topical preparations are used:

• Antiseptic lozenges.
• Means based on iodine.
• Preparations with herbal ingredients and essential oils.
• Aerosols.

If symptomatic treatment does not bring relief, there is a suspicion of a bacterial infection, then an antibiotic is prescribed. It is selected depending on the characteristics of the clinical picture.

In the chronic form, there is no need for constant treatment. Drug therapy is prescribed only during exacerbations. In any case, treatment depends on the form of the disease. in allergic cases, it is mandatory to prescribe antihistamines.

Folk remedies

This treatment complements medical therapy well. You can rinse your nose to clear mucus and relieve puffiness with chamomile, calendula and string. It is possible to combine these funds. To prepare a decoction, take 1 large spoonful of herbs, which is brewed with a glass of boiling water.

The procedure should be carried out 3-4 times a day. Herbal decoctions are also allowed to be used for gargling. Eucalyptus is also used for these purposes.

It is possible to inhale with essential oils, instill freshly squeezed beet juice or Kalanchoe into the nose.

Features of the treatment of rhinopharyngitis in our video:

Physiotherapy

It is prescribed more often in the chronic form of the disease. Electrophoresis is possible. This method allows drugs to quickly penetrate the mucosa under the influence of electrical impulses. Alkaline inhalations and irradiation of the affected area are prescribed.

Surgical methods

Operations for this type of disease are not performed. Sometimes rhinitis occurs due to an improperly positioned partition that does not provide proper air circulation and is a breeding ground for bacteria. In this case, operations are prescribed to restore its physiological position.

Possible Complications

Rhinopharyngitis can cause complications such as bronchitis and pneumonia. The acute form in children often leads to vomiting, diarrhea. As a result, the risk of dehydration increases. Due to the formation of gases, the diaphragm rises, which makes breathing even more difficult. If left untreated, otitis media develops, pharyngeal abscess.

How to quickly cure a runny nose and sore throat without consequences:

Prevention

It consists in the timely treatment of viral, bacterial infections. Doctors recommend walking more often in the fresh air, limiting the contact of the mucosa with irritating factors. During epidemics, you can take vitamin C and prophylactic drugs after consulting a doctor.

Forecast

With proper treatment, the prognosis is favorable. If the disease appeared in the first months of a baby's life, then medical care and constant monitoring of the child's condition are required. In the first days of the disease, it is necessary to start taking antiviral drugs, which will shorten the treatment time.

Rhinopharyngitis, acute or chronic: characteristic symptoms, treatment in children and adults

Rhinopharyngitis (nasopharyngitis) is an inflammatory process that is localized in the nasopharynx. The clinical picture of the pathology combines the manifestations of a runny nose and sore throat, which is more typical for childhood (explained by anatomical and physiological features). What is acute rhinopharyngitis in children, how to treat the disease, and whether the process is contagious or not - all these issues are discussed in the article.

ICD-10

The international classifier says the following:

• acute nasopharyngitis or NOS (without further specification) - ICD-10 code - J00;
• chronic nasopharyngitis - 1;
• allergic and vasomotor rhinitis - J30;
• rhinitis NOS - J0;
• pharyngitis NOS - according to ICD-10 - J9.

The reasons

Rhinopharyngitis can be bacterial, viral, allergic, fungal in nature. In 75% of cases, it develops against the background of respiratory viral infections during the off-season, when the body's defenses are reduced. Inflammation of viral origin can be complicated by the addition of bacterial microflora.

According to their course, they distinguish:

• acute rhinopharyngitis;
• chronic nasopharyngitis.

Contributing factors

The risk of damage to the nasopharynx increases with the following conditions:

• hypothermia;
• systemic diseases of a chronic nature;
• foci of infection in the body;
• adenoiditis;
• curvature of the nasal septum;
• traumatization of the nasal mucosa;
• hypo- or beriberi;
• tobacco smoking, including passive smoking.

Development mechanism

After the pathogen enters the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx, macrophages and T-lymphocytes must neutralize it by "absorbing" the pathogenic representative. This option is typical for a healthy body with normal immunity.

Immunodeficiency, weakness against the background of other systemic diseases - these factors contribute to the fact that the pathogen is not inactivated by protective forces, but grows and actively multiplies. The same result awaits a person if pathogens did not come from outside, but were inside the body itself (chronic sources of infection).

The pathological process is accompanied by local changes, which are manifested by an increase in the permeability of the vascular walls, mucosal infiltration with leukocytes, hyperemia, swelling, and punctate hemorrhages. The infectious process is most pronounced in the places of accumulation of lymphoid tissue - the arch of the nasopharynx and pharyngeal mouths of the auditory tubes.

The course of an acute process

The diagnosis of rhinopharyngitis can be made in any of its stages:

1. Dry irritation - the nasopharyngeal mucosa is dry and red. Then it swells, the lumen of the nasal passages becomes narrow, nasality appears, the sense of smell and sensitivity of taste buds change. Duration - from 2-4 hours to 2-3 days.
2. Serous discharge (manifestations of catarrhal rhinopharyngitis) - at this stage, a significant amount of serous discharge appears, which provokes irritation of the skin of the upper lip and nasal vestibule. The clinical picture is in full swing.
3. Resolution - the discharge becomes mucopurulent, crusts appear. Duration - 3-4 days. The child or adult returns to normal, the condition returns to normal.

Against the background of the anatomical and physiological characteristics of children, inflammation of the middle ear becomes a frequent complication of nasopharyngitis.

Clinical picture

The symptoms and treatment of nasopharyngitis in children are slightly different from the same processes in adults. Children's symptoms are more pronounced, and in adulthood the disease can proceed latently.

Symptoms of acute rhinopharyngitis:

• hyperthermia up to 38.5 o C;
• cephalgia;
• sneezing and dry cough, aggravated during sleep due to mucus flowing down the back of the throat;
• itching and burning in the nose;
• pain in the throat, especially when swallowing;
• the patient speaks "in the nose";
• secretion from the nose of a serous, purulent-serous nature;
• swollen lymph nodes;
• symptoms of intoxication.

The attachment of Eustachitis is manifested by a feeling of congestion in the ears, significant pain, hearing loss.

allergic form

Allergic rhinopharyngitis is similar in its manifestations to a disease of viral origin. The patient suffers from constant nasal congestion, swelling of the mucous membrane. Inflammation is sluggish in nature, begins with the nasal cavity, then descends below.

Periodically there is a flow of transparent mucus, there is a feeling of discomfort and a lump in the throat. Dry cough may occur.

chronic process

The lack of timely therapy, self-medication are factors contributing to the transition of acute rhinopharyngitis to a chronic form. A common symptom is the inability of the patient to distinguish odors or difficulty breathing.

There are several forms of chronic nasopharyngitis:

1. Subatrophic process - characterized by sclerosis of lymphoid and epithelial tissue. It is manifested by perspiration, soreness in the throat, hoarseness of voice, the appearance of a blue tint of the mucous membrane. The subatrophic nature of the pathology can be determined even by visual examination.
2. Hypertrophic form - there is a proliferation of lymphoid tissue, an increase in volume. There is a sensation of a foreign body in the nasopharynx, constant congestion.
3. Mixed type - combines the manifestations of the two upper forms.

Infectious or not

A person infected with rhinopharyngitis is dangerous to others only if the disease is viral in nature. Virus pathogens are highly volatile. But it is impossible to say with complete certainty that a healthy person will get sick. It all depends on the state of his immune system, the presence of concomitant provocative factors, the time of contact with the patient.

There is also no certainty that a healthy person will “get” exactly nasopharyngitis, since viral pathogens can also cause the development of a number of other manifestations.

Allergic and fungal process are not contagious. Their occurrence is directly related to the internal problems of the body.

Bacterial inflammation, purely theoretically, can be dangerous, but in practice it is very difficult to transmit. In order for a healthy person to become infected, direct contact with pathogenic microorganisms that are on the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx or in purulent exudate is necessary. There should also be several provoking factors, a state of immunodeficiency.

Diagnostics

It is necessary to treat rhinopharyngitis after a correctly established condition. The diagnosis is made on the basis of collecting an anamnesis of the patient's life and illness, the results of laboratory and instrumental studies.

1. Blood test - signs of inflammation (leukocytosis, high ESR, elevated neutrophils).
2. Rhinoscopy - the presence of edema and hyperemia of the mucous membrane, mucous exudate.
3. Pharyngoscopy - hyperemia and infiltration of the walls of the pharynx, leakage of serous or serous-purulent contents.
4. Bakposev - allows you to clarify the causative agent of rhinopharyngitis.
5. Allergic tests.
6. X-ray, CT scan of the paranasal sinuses and nose - to determine the chronic form of inflammation.

Features of therapy

Treatment of acute nasopharyngitis in children depends on the nature of its development. Viral manifestations require the appointment of antiviral drugs (Groprinosin, Arbidol, Interferon). A special place is occupied by symptomatic therapy. Hyperthermia requires the appointment of antipyretics (Ibuprofen, Paracetamol).

To save the child from difficulty breathing, reduce swelling, use vasoconstrictor drops, and for older children - sprays. Representatives - Nazivin, Naphthyzin, Vibrocil. Their long-term use is prohibited, since drug allergies may develop, worsening the manifestations of rhinopharyngitis.

Antihistamines help relieve symptoms, reduce swelling and redness. Use Zodak, Erius, L-cet. These funds are the basis for the treatment of allergic rhinopharyngitis. It is also important to eliminate the influence of the provoking allergen.

Bacterial nasopharyngitis requires the use of antibiotics (penicillins, macrolides, cephalosporins). Their appointment is desirable after bacteriological culture and antibiogram. In parallel, they take probiotics and prebiotics to prevent the development of pharyngomycosis and dysbacteriosis.

The fungal process is eliminated with antimycotics used as systemic drugs and topical agents.

In any form of rhinopharyngitis, a warm drink, gargling (chamomile, sage, Furacilin), nasal rinsing (saline solution, Aqualor, Aquamaris) is considered an important point.

Treatment of chronic rhinopharyngitis is carried out by irrigation of the throat (decoctions and infusions of herbs, Chlorophyllipt, Ingalipt) and the use of local antiseptics of various forms. Treatment with folk remedies is shown, but after discussion with the doctor.

Inhalations

The inhalation method is an effective method of therapy. It is advisable to carry out inhalation with a nebulizer. This device allows you to break the drug into small particles, improving its contact with the mucosa. It can be carried out at elevated body temperature, since the drug is not heated.

• mucolytics (Lazolvan, Mikosist);
• antibiotics and antiseptics (Malavit, Dioxidin, Furacilin);
• alkaline mineral waters;
• hormones;
• tincture of calendula, diluted with saline.

Symptoms and timely treatment of nasopharyngitis in adults and children is a topic that knowledge about is used repeatedly throughout life. Compliance with the advice of specialists is the key to a favorable outcome of the disease and a speedy recovery.

The disease is characterized by signs that are present in the diseases described above. Infected cells begin to produce histamine.

Increases blood flow to the affected area, which leads to.

The infection is most severe in children due to the narrowness of the nasal passages and the small vertical size of the nose.

A more accurate name for the disease is rhinopharyngitis. According to the ICD-10, it refers to nasopharyngitis and has the J100 code. With regular repetition, the disease flows into a chronic form with a latent clinical picture without exacerbation.

The reasons

Lead to the development of the disease can:

• hypothermia,
• viral (ARVI) and bacterial infections.

The acute form is often found in children of younger and preschool age. Especially if the child is at risk, has a weak immune system or diathesis. The infectious agent is their own microflora, cocci.

Dr. Komarovsky tells about the causes of a runny nose in children:

Symptoms

In almost all cases, the symptoms are manifested by unpleasant sensations in the nasopharynx. Accumulated mucous discharge is formed, it becomes difficult to breathe. when spreading to the mucous membrane of the auditory tubes, a general occurs. In adults, the temperature does not always rise.

Acute catarrhal

This form is characterized by the development of general swelling and penetration into the mucous membrane of the infection. There is an expansion of blood vessels, blood is intensively supplied to the nasopharyngeal cavity.

At the same time, blood supply passes to the mucosa. The disease in this form is characterized by:

• The formation of mucous discharge.
• Decrease in the timbre of the voice.
• Lachrymation.
• Constant feeling of itching.
• body.

Chronic

It is possible to inhale with essential oils, instill freshly squeezed beet juice or Kalanchoe into the nose.

Features of the treatment of rhinopharyngitis in our video:

Physiotherapy

It is prescribed more often in the chronic form of the disease. It is possible to carry out. This method allows drugs to quickly penetrate the mucosa under the influence of electrical impulses. Alkaline inhalations and irradiation of the affected area are prescribed.

Surgical methods

Operations for this type of disease are not performed. Sometimes rhinitis occurs due to an improperly positioned partition that does not provide proper air circulation and is a breeding ground for bacteria. In this case, operations are prescribed to restore its physiological position.

Possible Complications

Rhinopharyngitis can cause complications such as bronchitis and pneumonia. The acute form in children often leads to vomiting, diarrhea. As a result, the risk of dehydration increases. Due to the formation of gases, the diaphragm rises, which makes breathing even more difficult. In the absence of treatment develops,.

The danger for newborns lies in the fact that, to facilitate breathing, babies unconsciously begin to throw their heads back. This leads to an overstrain of the fontanel and the development of seizures. Dangerous disease for people suffering from asthma.

How to quickly cure a runny nose and sore throat without consequences:

Prevention

It consists in the timely treatment of viral, bacterial infections. Doctors recommend walking more often in the fresh air, limiting the contact of the mucosa with irritating factors. During epidemics, you can take vitamin C and prophylactic drugs after consulting a doctor.

Forecast

With proper treatment, the prognosis is favorable. If the disease appeared in the first months of a baby's life, then medical care and constant monitoring of the child's condition are required. In the first days of the disease, it is necessary to start taking it, which will shorten the treatment time.